Three-dimensional modelling of ChNPP

   Development of the analytical software which allows creating three-dimensional models of objects and territories optimum approaches for research and visualization of spatially distributed data. Such technologists have a special urgency for modelling of territories, buildings and constructions with the dangerous factors limiting stay of the person.
   Modern scientific approaches to studying, the analysis and condition forecasting of nuclear - and radiation -dangerous object (for example - the Shelter object), are based not only on methods of straight lines, natural, but also on methods of computer modelling, creation of virtual models of designs.
   Three-dimensional models of the Sarcophagus, with the built in parameters of their condition (for example: strength property of designs elements, concrete, humidity of environment, parameters of radiating conditions and many other things), give the chance to carry out authentic calculations of hypothetical influences on a design, and also provide exact forecasts of doses of the personnel at visiting of premises of object "Shelter" and territories adjoining to it (the Shelter's local zone).
   The basic scientific institution which has practical experience of the Shelter 3D-models development and carries out the analysis of its condition under different conditions of operation, is the Institute for Safety Problems of NPPs, Ukraine's NAS (Chernobyl). Created in ISP NPP three-dimensional models of the Shelter are based on extensive, constantly replenishing, a databank of condition of this unique construction.
   The 3D-models of the Shelter object and the ChNPP presented on this page are developed by employees of branch OPORJAT and department OIT IPB. 3D models are created on the basis of software products for designing AutoCAD and computer drawing and animation systems 3D Studio.
   It is necessary to add, that developed by ISP NPP 3D-model of the Shelter, already found practical application for working out and a substantiation of design decisions of the Shelter's stabilization, estimations of radiating conditions in the Shelter's safety analysis report (SAR), and also were used in design works on the conceptual project of the New Safe Confinement (Arches).
   Perspectives of three-dimensional modelling of the Shelter and ChNPP are possible to explain, on the one hand, by the presence of possibility of conducting a database of results of various researches in analyzed territory and objects of ChNPP and the Shelter infrastructure, and on the another - possibility of fast visualization of supervision results.

The tasks of 3D modelling of ChNPP and the Shelter

   Use of methods of three-dimensional modelling (3D-modelling) in the aggregate with the geo-information analysis which is based on data about a condition of designs of the Shelter and ChNPP, and also on various data about radiation parameters of environment (external and internal) these objects, provides: high degree of automation, which is based on existing data bank (digital graphic, geographical etc.);

• system approach to visualization and the analysis of a condition of the Shelter;
• Creation of various forecasting models of extreme situations development on the Shelter and ChNPP at the analysis of failures on a miscellaneous modelled scenarios;
• Interactivity, efficiency and multi-variant approach of modelling of conditions of the radiation-dangerous systems, capable to affect an environment condition, the personnel and the population;

   Creation of new kinds of graphic schemes, maps, 3D-models of the Shelter (ChNPP), in the aggregate with possibility of their moving in space and time (virtual) allow to create versatile multi view point images of investigated systems and processes.
   Actual task of three-dimensional modelling is working out and creation of electronic models of problem-practical orientation with wide opportunities of operative processing of the information which are directed on maintenance of acceptance of concrete administrative decisions at operation of nuclear and radiation - dangerous objects, both on ChNPP, and in the Exclusion Zone.


The 3D model of Chernobyl NPP Destroy Reactor
Room 305/2, Prepared in ArcGIS.
The author of 3D-model - S.Podberezniy


Cross section of premises of ChNPP's 4th unit (object Shelter) on an axis 47 + 3m.
Reactor is "putted forward" and "turned on".
The author of 3D-model - S.Podberezniy

Practical results of modelling of the ChNPP, the Shelter, the Arches

   3D-modelling is a powerful tool for the analysis and evident representation of spatial data. Prepared thematic 3-D model allows to understand easily communications between various objects and to see tendencies in development of the various phenomena or allows to estimate a current condition of object of the analysis.
   Strict and exact enough decision of a problem of display the various information systems depends on the co-ordinate environment adequately adapted for conditions of the solving problem and providing minimum possible distortions of this information. Thus, full adequacy of virtual models of the Shelter to radiating conditions of environment near this object has allowed to execute modelling of exposition dose rate in places of work of the personnel occupied on construction of the New Safe Confinement (Arches).
   In the presented drawings it is possible to see interface ArcSsene with the isometric image of three-dimensional model of EDR of a gamma field on a site of NSC construction on gauging of a problem of 1 Plan of the Shelter Implementation Plan.
   The major result of such modelling is not only visualization, but possibility of carrying out of doses calculations of the personnel who will be occupied on NSC on each separate workplace. Using the given model of calculation it is possible to carry out estimations of the general work - and dose loading which are necessary during construction and other kinds of works in a zone of influence of radiating field of the Shelter.
   In figure the model of calculation of an external irradiation of separately taken worker, moving with certain speed on a certain route in the Shelter's local zone is presented. Such calculation allows estimating of external irradiation doses of each builder with comprehensible levels of reliability.
   Adequacy of received calculations results has been confirmed by the fact, that the value of calculated collective doses received at designing of stabilization of the Shelter (calculations was made by collective of ISP NPP), have coincided with actual doses which were received by builders occupied on works on stabilization.
   One more practical application of the Institute's three-dimensional modelling within the frameworks of actions on transformation of the Shelter into an ecologically-safe system, was calculation and visualization of spatial data of gamma radiation on the Arch building site. Also spatial models of angular and power fields of a gamma background in planned zones of works on the Confinement construction have been created. The carried out researches have allowed determination the basic sources of radiation forming a gamma background in the Arch site.
   On the basis of the performed scientific researches the actions for protection (shielding) of workplaces of the personnel which will be involved to the Arch construction from influence of sources of an ionizing radiation are offered.
   A number of images of models showing design stages (three-dimensional modelling) of constructions designs stabilizing the Shelter and photos showing a practical embodiment in metal, decisions on Sarcophagus strengthening are presented. More about these works it is possible to learn on web page about actions for the Sarcophagus stabilization.

Use prospects for 3D modelling of the ChNPP and the Shelter

   Created on the given technology 3D model of geometrical parameters of a modern condition of building constructions, FCM, concrete, water, combustible materials of separate premises of the "Shelter", or the Shelter as a total, can find the application in works on transformation of the "Shelter" into an ecologically safe system:

• At the decision of questions of dismantle the unstable constructions of the Shelter;
• At research of nuclear and radiating safety;
• At working out, modelling and application of remote operated units in the conditions of the object;
• At estimation and forecasting of influence of radiating fields for the personnel which will maintain the Arch and to make decommission of the ChNPP.

   The contact person:


   Sergey Podbereznyj
   ISP NPP NAS of Ukraine
   Chernobyl
   Tel. +038-04493-5-12-75
   Fax +038-04493-5-14-34
   email - elektra[+]slavutich.kiev.ua


   References:

   1. Воробъев Е.И., Резнеченко В.Ю. Экоинформатика в атомной энергетике. – М.:Энергоатомиздат, 1991. – 160 с. – ISBN 5-283-03061-X.
   2. Ключников А.А., Рудько В.М., Батий В.Г., Подберезный С.С., Федорченко Д.В. Компьютерное моделирование деятельности в радиационно-опасных зонах / Сб. научных трудов Информационные системы и технологии с. 310-312
   3. Подберезный С. С. Моделирование реального состояния объекта Укрытие в 3D измерении / Проблемы Чернобыля.